One Sick Angel

I've had a pretty great run with my angelfish but over the past few weeks, I've been noticing a problem with one of them.

It's a female and she's been getting larger and larger. If angelfish were live bearers, I would swear she was pregnant. But since they lay eggs, I know her big round belly is a sign of something else - dropsy.

I had some snails in the tank until recently to help keep the algae down. Someone advised me to feed the snails turtle food to keep their shells in good, strong condition because turtle food contains calcium. Well, the snails never ate it. But I suspect this black angel did. Why? Because the same thing happened to a friend and her betta.

In the photograph here, you'll see her next to a male angel. The male is vertically compressed - as all angels should be - but the female (on the left) is obviously very well rounded.

The food may have obstructed her intestines. The remedy is feeding the fish green peas (out of the shell) and other foods that should dislodge the obstruction. But she won't eat.

If she was a human, we'd do surgery on her - just open her up, cut out the obstruction, keep her in the hospital for a couple of days and then onto a soft diet until the intestines healed. If she was a dog or a cat, chances are we'd do the same thing.

But what can you do with a fish? Know any good fish surgeons? I rest my case.

I had another angel that this happened with: a beautiful golden angelfish, the original Stevie Fishnick. Her mate wouldn't leave her side so I put both of them into a hospital tank and gave her medicine. Unfortunately, the medicine didn't help and within a few days, the angel passed away. Her mate was Fleetfish Mac (she had separated from Lindsay Buckingfish) and I put the big fella back into the tank and he eventually found solace in Christy McFish's fins.

Sadly, I don't think this angel will last much longer. She has taken to hiding from the other fish, which is a sure sign that she feels vulnerable. Tomorrow I'll discuss what to do when an angel is terminally ill.

Friday Friends

One of my first rescue dogs was a Mastiff/Lab mix named Charmer.

Charmer grew to about 140 pounds, which is small for a mastiff. He was the gentlest dog I'd ever seen. He was also addicted to Frisbees.

When he was about six months old, he had the full run of the ground floor in my townhouse near Washington, DC. I arrived home one day to find that he had gotten lonely and decided to find out where I'd gone.

So he chewed a hole in the stairwell's drywall to get onto the second floor. The hole was large enough for a full-grown man to climb through.

He went through obedience school twice because the first time, he didn't get it. When it was obvious he had separation anxiety, I rescued another dog, a blue merle Australian Shepherd I named Buddy. Buddy and Charmer were constant companions. And Charmer never did try to chew his way through the house again.

Charmer passed away from old age. On a Tuesday, he was running around the yard catching the Frisbee and having the time of his life. On Thursday, his heart began to fail and the next day, he was gone.

He lived a great life. And I was very lucky to be part of it.

When Tragedy Strikes

No matter how I try to keep conditions ideal, losing a fish is going to happen at some time or another.

When I notice a fish acting strangely, the first thing I do is observe the others in the tank. Are they all acting strangely? Or just that one?

If they are all acting as though they are in distress, there could be something wrong with their environment. The heater might have malfunctioned and is either getting the water too hot or allowing it to grow cold. If painting occurred nearby or a carpet was cleaned or cleaning vapors got into the air, their water may have become contaminated.

In that case, the best thing to do is fix the problem (for example, if the heater is malfunctioning) and change some of the water (if it has become contaminated.)

More likely, one particular fish might be in distress. I have small hospital tanks in which I can isolate fish who are ill. There is a practical reason for this. First, it prevents others from getting ill. Second, it allows me to medicate the fish in a smaller environment. Because my angels live in tanks that are 60-70 gallons, that requires a lot of medicating. And if the other fish are not ill, I am forcing medicines into their bodies when they may not need it. Placing a sick fish into a smaller 10-gallon tank allows me to concentrate solely on getting that fish well.

Why Angelfish?

I know many people who enjoy fishkeeping. Some have tanks filled with guppies or neon tetras. Others with shrimp or snails. Some have community tanks in which one or two from dozens of species are kept together.

So why do I keep angelfish?

I have to admit that a big reason I keep angelfish is because each one is unique. I also have a neon tetra tank and except on rare occasions, I can't differentiate between one neon and another. (Though I hope they can.) However, every angelfish has unique markings. Even those of a single color - such as a golden or platinum - have unique characteristics such as the height of their fins.

Angelfish can be taught to eat out of your hand. I love the size - several of mine are ten inches tall. (Shown in the picture here: Mick Fleetfish, the platinum angel; Christy McFish, a smoky leopard; and John McFish, a black marble.) Yes. I name my angels and my bettas because I can tell them apart.

I also enjoy watching them take care of their young. They are excellent parents.

However, angelfish can be aggressive toward other angelfish - especially when they are breeding or caring for their fry. They can be territorial and need more space than many other fish. Consider the neons or guppies, in which one fish per gallon is not overcrowding. But angelfish need a minimum of five gallons per fish and ten gallons is even better. During breeding, no matter how large your tank might be, it might not seem like enough.

Angelfish select their mate early and don't generally stray. They can live to be ten years old; far older than a lot of tropical fish.

Receiving New Fish

There are two main ways in which fish are purchased: through a pet shop or retailer or through direct mail.

If you are receiving fish through direct mail, they should be packaged in thick plastic bags, preferably with a water conditioner and heater or coolant in the box to keep their temperature stable. The plastic bags should then be placed into a Styrofoam box or some breeders use a material similar to drywall. Either method ensures additional safety and temperature control. The box is then placed into a heavy mailing box. It should clearly state that live fish are inside.

When receiving fish through the mail, it's important to turn off all lights and keep the fish from bright sunlight because they are coming from complete blackness. I set the bags into the tank and drape a towel over it to keep the daylight away from them. I keep the bags in the water for at least thirty minutes so the temperature begins to stabilize to the tank's water.

I then open the bags and wrap the plastic back in a roll so the bag floats on the top of the tank water (see picture above.) I do a water test to determine the Ph balance. Testing for nitrates, nitrites and ammonia isn't necessary because they will soon lose that water.

I use a turkey baster to suck up water from my tank and inject it into their open bag. I continue this process every fifteen minutes over a period of one-to-two hours until the Ph balance is identical to the water in which they'll be placed. This also helps with changes in water hardness, as many areas have softer or harder water than where the fish will soon end up.

Once they've become acclimated, I use a net to transfer them into the tank. I don't pour them in for one simple reason: I don't know if the tanks in which they originated had snails, and I don't want a snail problem.

I then remove the material that kept them in the dark but I don't turn the light on the tank for several more hours.

If I am purchasing fish from a local pet shop, I don't need to worry as much about water hardness. But I still use this system for angelfish, as they are more sensitive to water changes than many fish, such as tetras and bettas.

The picture in this blog today shows 11 baby angels shortly after I purchased them from a breeder roughly 600 miles away. They mailed the fish via overnight delivery. All the fish were received in healthy condition and they are now nearly a year old. Only one has had health issues unrelated to the shipping or environment.

Friday Friends

If you've been following my blog, you may know that while I am working with the angelfish, I am surrounded by four rescue dogs.

I also had the good fortune to help start a program called New Leash on Life in Robeson County, North Carolina.

Volunteers go to the animal shelters and select dogs which are scheduled for euthanasia. Dogs that are more difficult to place are generally those that are large. Black dogs are more difficult to place in good homes than light-colored dogs. When a large dog is unruly and hard to manage, it's almost certain that he or she will be difficult to adopt out, and will often spend their life in a revolving door of homes.

In an attempt to make the dog more adoptable and give him or her the best chance at a good life, the New Leash on Life program pairs one dog with two prison trainers. The prisoners must apply for the job, get interviewed, and adhere to certain guidelines in order to keep their job.

They must take complete care of the dog, ensuring their safety, cleanliness, adequate food and water, freedom from ticks and fleas, adequate exercise, and plenty of love. They also learn how to obedience train the dog WITHOUT PUNISHMENT, teaching them how to sit, stay, come, heel, and lie down. The dogs love the training and attention so much, the prisoners usually teach them tricks as well, such as agility training.

After the dogs have been trained (usually in eight weeks) they are adopted by loving homes. The program has had a 100% effectiveness in placing the dogs. Only one has been returned due to an owner's terminal illness, and that dog was immediately adopted by another loving family.

Below is a video showing one of the prisoners demonstrating his dog's ability to obey commands using only the praise method and no punishment. Chevy, the dog in the video, is part Newfoundland and part Lab. His biggest problem was hyperactivity. You can see in the video below how calm he is; the trainer demonstrates sit and stay, heel, and lie down and stay.

More videos of Chevy are shown on YouTube. My channel is http://www.youtube.com/user/terrellpm. You'll find many other dogs in training there as well, as I had the privilege of working with several groups of dogs before passing the torch to another trainer.

Chevy was adopted by a wonderful family in Pennsylvania, who still phone me once a week to tell me how much they love him!

Moving the Angels

This week or next the first four angelfish will be moved to the local pet shop. In speaking to the owner about the process, I learned of another angelfish breeder who seemed to be doing everything wrong.

The water in which the parents are kept must be ideal because angelfish won't breed unless conditions are right. The breeder described his tank water as "green" which could mean he has algae growth. Although algae is not pretty to look at, it is not harmful to the fish and some actually prefer it.

But when the angel babies are prepared to be sold, the breeder fills the plastic bags with water "straight from the tap." When I heard this, I was absolutely horrified. First, the water he was using had chlorine in it - which burns a fish's gills. Second, the temperature would be different; fish are cold-blooded, which means their bodies become the same temperature as the water in which they live. Changing their temperature rapidly means the fish are instantly shocked.

He then transports them or mails them to the pet shops or buyers. It's no wonder his fish have a 100% mortality rate.

The proper way to move fish is to transport them in their own water. If a breeder is embarrassed over his or her water conditions, that is a serious red flag.

Second, something is added to the package (if mailed) to ensure a constant temperature. If they are shipped in the winter months, a heater is added to the box that keeps them from becoming too cold. In the summer months, a small packet of ice might be added inside the box (but not inside the bag) to keep the fish from steaming. In the hottest of days or the coldest of days, many reputable breeders will not ship them.

Fish are shipped by all postal carriers - USPS, FedEx, UPS, etc. They should be shipped overnight to avoid further shocking them in transit.

Tomorrow: what to do when you get your new fish.

Angels in a Community

In one of my larger tanks, I have seven angelfish who have reached puberty. They have paired off into three groups. It has been interesting to watch the two koi angels pair off, the two blue angels pair off, and the two Siamese/ light blue striped pair off.

The remainder is a koi angel who seems to move effortlessly between the groups. However, soon I may place Alfred (now known as Alfreda) into another tank to try and find a mate there.

The two koi angels who have paired off have decided to start a family. I know this because they are terrorizing everyone else in the tank. They want to have the entire 60 gallons to themselves without the fear of predators looking at their fry as a sushi bar.

I have had angels lay eggs in a tank filled with other fish but they usually do not survive, unless they have plenty of plants in which to hide. Because angels are very compressed (looking at them head-on, they don't measure half an inch even fully grown) they can get into some very tiny places - which means baby fish don't stand much of a chance.

Another option is to place these two koi angels into a tank by themselves, as I've done with Lindsay and Stevie. Koi angels are difficult to find and they are very beautiful, so I imagine their babies would be in demand.

Several Batches at Once!

Lindsay Buckingfish and Stevie Fishnick have discovered their passion in life is... passion!

Right now they have babies from three different clutches.

One set of larger fry are about three weeks old.

Another set is one week old.

And immediately after they began swimming, Lindsay and Stevie cleaned up the nursery and laid more eggs! They are still in the wiggler stage, hanging onto the leaf by their little heads until they are large enough to pop off.

I had wondered as they laid additional eggs if they would still be good parents to their older babies. And the answer, I am happy to say, is Yes!

At the present time, they have about two dozen fish swimming about and about three dozen wigglers.

Once the original four go to the pet shop, I will transfer the oldest babies to the new tank so they can grow and flourish.

Ready to Sell

So the first four angels of Lindsay Buckingfish and Stevie Fishnick are old enough and large enough to sell.

It has been exciting to watch them grow from eggs laid on an amazon plant... to wigglers trying to grow strong enough to pop off... to swimmers sticking by their parents for safety... And now to bodies larger than a dime.

Lindsay is a black marble and Stevie is a platinum angel, so I was anxious to see the various colors of their babies. These four are primarily white, although three our of four have golden highlights coming in on their crowns. Though their bodies are larger than a dime, their vertical fins are quite large - nearly two inches from top to bottom. This means they will most likely be 8 inches tall or larger when they are grown.

Below is a recent video. Within the next couple of weeks, they will go to a local pet shop for a lucky fish lover to own.



Friday Friends

While I am busy writing the Black Swamp Mysteries series (the fourth book in the series is due to be released next spring) and caring for my own angelfish - adults, babies and eggs - I have four dogs surrounding me. I am definitely never alone in this house!

I have Mattie, a Treeing Walker Coonhound rescued by the Richmond, VA SPCA. (Her brother Skipper is in the background; unfortunately, he passed away about two years ago.) She is the matriarch, who I refer to as Mama Mattie to the rest of the pack:

I have Simone, the tri-colored collie, who nearly died before she was rescued by the Robeson County Humane Society and I fostered and then adopted her:

One year after adopting Simone, we learned of Eddie, the Jack Russell who had been rescued by the Robeson County Humane Society after he was shot in the leg:

And our newest addition is Lucy Lou (referred to as Lucy LOO when she first arrived and wasn't housebroken). She is part Jack Russell and possibly part Corgi or Basset, because she is very long. Below are what I call "The Three Faces of Lucy":

How can I have so many of them? I have a wonderful fenced yard, three sets of doggie doors, and fortunately for me, they are all well behaved, loving and adorable!

When the CIA and Angels Collide...

Vicki Boyd thinks she's left the CIA behind forever when she moves to a sleepy little town to care for angelfish. But when the CIA recruits her for one more mission, she finds her future and her past and about to collide.

Below is an excerpt of Vicki working in the fish building when she is accosted by someone working on "the other side" of her CIA mission:

In a flash, he was upon her, his muscled arms grabbing her and slamming her backward. The fish tank teetered, the water sloshing over the side, as the angelfish parents scattered in fright. The slate with hundreds of baby wigglers crashed to the floor of the tank as she tried to draw the man away from it. A step away, his arms reached out to either side of her like a set of bars imprisoning her, slamming her against the far wall.

His face was contorted, his lip curling downward.

“Take your hands off me,” Vicki said.

“What do you think you’re going to do if I don’t?” he snarled. “You’re no match for me.”

“I have no quarrel with you,” she said.

“Oh, yes, you do.”

“Then take your hands off me and we’ll talk about it. I’m sure we can work something out—”

“Oh, we can work something out, alright. You say what I tell you to say. And if you don’t, you’ll be MIA.” His lower lip was contorted. His breath smelled like stale onions and she turned her head.

“I don’t know what you’re talking about.”

“Stay out of the tunnel.”

“What tunnel?”

He pushed against her with his entire body, pinning her flat against the wall. “Stay out of the tunnel.” He venomously enunciated each word, spraying spittle on her as he spoke. He pushed against her again, and she realized he was silently threatening her with rape—or worse—if she didn’t comply.

She felt a chill creeping across her skin, leaving it tingling as though the circulation had been cut. His whole body felt like iron and he clearly intended on keeping her pinned to the wall until she complied with his demands. As he continued to exert pressure against her, her lungs began to feel weighted and she struggled to catch her breath. Even if she’d intended on agreeing to his demands, she was unable to speak.

He shoved against her once more, pushing the remaining air out of her lungs. She was suffocating, she thought with rising panic.

Then two tanned hands landed on both his shoulders, pulling him off her so abruptly that she nearly fell to her knees. As she gasped for air, she caught sight of him being pulled backward through the fish house, through the doorway and into the yard.

Her knees shaking, she rushed after Dylan as he slammed the man against the trunk of an ancient oak tree.

“This isn’t your fight,” the assailant said, wiping his mouth with the back of his hand.

    Dylan slammed his fist into his abdomen, causing him to drop to his knees and double over with pain. “I’m makin’ it my fight.”

Dylan Maguire may have come to her rescue but Vicki soon learns that all is not what it seems to be at Laurel Maguire's rambling old home...

Vicki's Key is available from all fine book stores. It is also available online at amazon, at Barnes and Noble, and other retailers. You can order a copy now from www.pmterrell.com and avoid all shipping and handling charges.

The CIA Come Calling...

Vicki Boyd left her job as a CIA psychic spy (based on the United States' real psychic spy program) for a summer helping an elderly woman care for and breed freshwater angelfish. Below is an excerpt from Vicki's Key, in which Vicki leaves the fish tanks to find her old CIA boss standing on the front porch.

Vicki finished logging in the statistics for the last tank in the room. It was amazing, all that was involved, she thought. But she also felt weightless while she was working, as if nothing mattered except the present.

She stopped in front of a tank where the slate propped up against the glass drew her attention. There were more than two hundred blobs adhered to it, each the size of a fat pinhead. And they were all moving.

Dylan had called them “wigglers”: baby angels, their heads literally glued to the slate through an act of nature, their bodies wiggling as if their lives depended on popping free. The parents were busily inspecting each one with a dedicated diligence as if each little wiggler was the only one they had to care for.

Vicki glanced at the clock against the far wall. It was nearing lunch time, and she was dying of thirst. She made her way back through the room, glancing in each tank as she neared the door.

Stepping outside, she could almost feel the humidity rippling as she moved through the back yard toward the house, and by the time she reached the kitchen door, her shirt was patched with sweat. She opened the screen door and tried the knob, but it was locked. Puzzled, she made her way around the side of the house.

Benita was strolling along the sidewalk toward downtown, out of earshot.

She continued around the side of the house. She emerged from behind the overgrown thickets and stopped cold.

On the front porch were two people. A man rang the doorbell and was waiting patiently for someone to answer, while a woman was peering casually into the front window. The curtains were drawn shut, as they always were, and she pulled back after a split second and glanced around the front porch as they waited.

She knew the man. Knew him too well, she thought. And he should have been anywhere else but here.

Of course, Vicki finds she can't refuse the CIA when they need her for "one last mission" and she finds herself straddling two different worlds: one of tranquility with angelfish and the charming Irishman Dylan Maguire, and a dangerous world of spies and counterspies halfway around the world in the remote border region of Afghanistan and Pakistan.


Vicki's Key is available at all fine book stores. It is also available online at amazon, at Barnes & Noble's online store, and through other retailers. You can get a copy now from www.pmterrell.com and get free shipping just in time for the holidays!

Learning About Angelfish

In Vicki's Key, Vicki Boyd must learn how to care for angelfish, something she has never accomplished before. Fortunately for her (and the reader!) she has handsome and charming Irishman Dylan Maguire to help her navigate the world of breeding freshwater angels.

Below is an excerpt from the book as Dylan shows her the fish house, a building in the back yard of Aunt Laurel's rambling old home:

Vicki didn’t know what she had expected, but she wasn’t prepared for what she saw.

The building was about the size of a small carriage house and located in the back yard, sheltered from the street by a hedge of giant wax myrtle. There were no windows, but the walls were painted a pale blue that brightened the interior. There were two rows of 20-gallon tanks on either side of the room, one above the other, stretching for nearly twenty feet. Each tank was sparse, containing only a piece of slate, some sprigs of floating plants, and two mature angelfish in each tank.

“Oh!” Vicki exclaimed, stopping in front of one of the tanks. “There are babies in this one!”

Dylan chuckled. “They’re called ‘fry’, and yes, that’s quite the idea. We should have fry in each of the tanks. It’s how we earn our money.”

“So this is it.”

He reached back and closed the door behind them. “Temperature control is very important.” He checked the thermometer hanging on the wall. “It should always be precisely eighty degrees. The tanks don’t have heat, you see—or fans—so we keep the air conditioner goin’ in the summer, but only to eighty degrees. No cooler. And it may feel like a bit of a steam room in here in the wintertime.”

They spent the next hour in the fish house, as Vicki’s head was filled with a myriad of facts ranging from water treatments to the various types of freshwater angelfish, to how they laid their eggs and how the parents cared diligently for their fry, to how they were raised to an age where they could be sold. She doubted she could ever remember all of it. But as she watched Dylan move easily through the room checking each tank, she had a feeling help was only a few steps away.

Vicki quickly falls in love with the dashing Dylan Maguire. But all is not what it seems to be at Aunt Laurel's home, and when the CIA arrive to recruit her for one last mission, she finds herself struggling between her past and her future.

Vicki's Key is available at all fine book stores. It is also available online at amazon, at Barnes & Noble's online store, and through other retailers. You can order it now from www.pmterrell.com and get free shipping to anywhere in the world, just in time for the holidays!

Why Vicki's Angelfish?

I was asked recently why the name of my blog is Vicki's Angelfish and not named after me. It is named after a character in my Black Swamp Mysteries series, Vicki Boyd. In Vicki's Key, she leaves her job as a psychic spy with the CIA after a mission goes horribly wrong. Not knowing what she wants to do with the rest of her life, she decides to take a summer job helping an elderly lady in a small, sleepy town where nothing ever happens.

Below is an excerpt that placed her on the path to breeding angelfish:

Vicki could still recall the day she had stumbled upon this new path to her future. Her next-door neighbor had been struggling out of her apartment in Arlington, Virginia with two oversized suitcases. She always seemed to be travelling somewhere, disappearing for months at a time. But in Vicki’s line of work, she knew better than to chat with someone about their whereabouts; it opened the door to them asking about hers. And her career with the CIA was never to be acknowledged.

But on this day, with her resignation submitted and only out-processing left, Vicki had felt brazen.

“Vacation?” she’d asked as she helped her neighbor deposit the suitcases on the sidewalk in front of the building.

“Work.” She pulled out some paperwork. “I’m on my way to Italy.”

“Oh?” Vicki smiled and waited for her to continue.

“It’s a learning experience,” she’d babbled eagerly. “You sign up for a few weeks or months, whatever you want. And you get free room and board in return for work. They teach you all sorts of stuff—how to raise cattle, how to farm, beekeeping…”

And there it had begun. With the simple act of chatting to a neighbor for five brief minutes. Vicki had returned to her apartment with a website address and had spent half the night researching opportunities.

She hadn’t known what she wanted to do with the rest of her life. And still didn’t know. But it was obvious she needed to leave the CIA behind her. And that meant leaving the Washington, D.C. area. Starting fresh someplace else, someplace she knew nothing about.

The prospect had been daunting. Moving to a new town. Finding a place to live. Finding work.

This appeared to take care of all three.

Hosts advertised opportunities on several websites, ranging from office work to farm work and everything in between. It was almost like an apprenticeship, though there was no obligation on either party once the agreed-upon time had expired. They received free labor. She received a new start. And though she held no illusions of entering a new career, it bought her the time needed to rid her psyche of the CIA and its influence while she decided exactly what she did want to do with the rest of her life.

She’d contacted several hosts and in the end, decided upon the opportunity in Lumberton.

The home was owned by an elderly, widowed woman named Laurel Maguire. Nice Irish name, Vicki thought now as she thumbed through the papers.

Laurel Maguire, it turned out, was a successful tropical fish breeder. Her specialty was freshwater angelfish, a beautiful and exotic species. And, Vicki had reasoned, it required no time in the hot sun tilling the soil for organic gardens. No slobbering, ornery cattle. No helpless sheep. Or cantankerous ostrich. No farms miles from nowhere. No rising at dawn to collect eggs or closing barn doors after dusk.

And it wasn’t located in a foreign country where she’d have to get dozens of shots and worry about the latest uprising. It was here, driving distance from her old home and yet a lifetime away.

She took a deep breath and finished off her tea. So this was it. The door to her future lay here, in a cozy little town along the interstate. With a kindly old woman who needed assistance with her fish tanks. Nothing could be simpler or more stress-free.

Of course, the town wasn't as sleepy as she'd imagined and the job wasn't quite what she expected. When she arrives, she finds that Laurel has suffered a stroke and is confined to the third floor of the rambling home. Her nephew, Dylan Maguire, has arrived from Ireland to care for her.

Tune in tomorrow for what happens next!

Vicki's Key is available at all fine book stores. It is also available through amazon, Barnes & Noble online, and other retailers. We're now offering free shipping at www.pmterrell.com for the holidays!

Friday Friends

While I am working with the angelfish and writing my suspense/thrillers, I am surrounded by four rescue dogs.

The oldest is Mattie. She is a foxhound and specifically a Treeing Walker Coonhound. She and her brother Skipper were adopted through the Richmond, Virginia SPCA. They were seized from a hunting lodge in South Carolina that contains hundreds of malnourished and neglected dogs ranging from a few weeks old to three years old.

Treeing Walker Coonhounds, when kept as hunting dogs, only average a lifespan of two to three years. It's believed this is due to poor nutrition (some hunting lodges feed them only whole chickens, bones and all), no medical attention, being kept on the edge of starving, and forced to run miles during a hunt. It's a horrible life filled with cruelty.

If they are kept in a home, however, even they occasionally hunt with their master, and provided good nutrition, proper medical care and plenty of love and attention, their average lifespan is eight years. This is still very short compared to other breeds. It's believed this could be due to genetics.

Mattie is now 10 years old, ancient for her breed. She has arthritis and a heart murmur. She has good days and bad days. And we all love her!

Trying to Survive

Now the babies are swimming freely. They will remain around plants or close to their parents. If any other fish are in the tank with them, they could be eaten. They are still helpless.

They will continue to grow in their torpedo shapes for about two weeks. At that time, they will begin to take on the shape of an angelfish. Only after the third week do they begin to take on the colors they will have as adults. Their colors will continue to deepen and become more brilliant as they age.

Here is a video of babies swimming around their parents, Lindsay Buckingfish and Stevie Fishnick. There are no other fish in this tank so they are free from predators. However, if one of the parents believe one is weak or deformed or sense something wrong with it, they will eat it. It will give the others a better chance of survival as the weak one is no longer trying to get to the same food.

At this stage, they are fed live brine shrimp three times a day.

Swimmers!

The wigglers continue to grow until they look like little white torpedoes. When they are strong enough - after a couple of days of wiggling - they will pop off.

First the parents will gather them back up in their mouths and spit them back out onto the vertical surface.

But eventually, they will no longer adhere and will begin to swim freely.

Here is a video of Papa Lindsay Buckingfish gathering up popped-off wigglers and attempting to put them back where he thinks they will be safe.

When they no longer adhere, they should begin eating live brine shrimp - just about the only thing that will fit into their miniscule mouths!

Little Wigglers!

Within two days, the eggs will begin to hatch. The babies are not much larger than a pinhead and can't survive - or even swim - at this stage.

So when they hatch, the parents pick them up in their mouths and spit them onto another vertical surface, one they have been cleaning while waiting for their eggs to hatch.

The angels adhere to this vertical surface by their heads. They wiggle and wiggle while they grow for another day or two.

At this stage, they are called "wigglers" and the parents become even more protective of them because they are completely helpless.

You might be tempted to think these are eggs that have grown. But if you look closely you'd be able to see them wiggling.

The video below illustrates this.

How an Angel Begins

This week, I'll give you a quick series about how angelfish are born and how they develop. It's pretty fascinating!

Freshwater angelfish are egg-bearing. They lay their eggs on a vertical surface, such as an amazon leaf (which is why I have amazon plants in each of my tanks) or a piece of slate laid against the glass, or even on the glass itself.

I've had several couples lay eggs on the filter intake. It seems to be a popular place!

They can lay eggs every two weeks or so. They lay anywhere from 300 to 500 at a time. I've come to learn that the reason so many are laid in such rapid intervals is very few survive.

The female lays the eggs and then the male follows behind and fertilizes them.

Tomorrow: what happens when they hatch.